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In March 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) classified COVID-19 as a global pandemic, with the recommendation of social distancing to mitigate the spread of the virus. The reduction in vehicular traffic and industrial activities has resulted in a decline in the emission of certain atmospheric pollutants and greenhouse gases. Atmospheric pollution represents one of the significant challenges of present-day society, and in South America, it is one of the most persistent environmental issues. The COVID-19 measures implemented across the globe, such as imposing lockdowns, restricting movement, and adopting other containment strategies, resulted in a substantial reduction in energy consumption within the transportation sector. Brazil has limited access to electricity and heavily relies on traditional energy sources to meet its domestic energy demand. Biomass combustion, electricity consumption, and the transportation and industrial sectors play significant roles as major contributors to atmospheric pollution. To control and mitigate anthropogenic emissions it is essential to combine technical-scientific knowledge with legal measures. The present study aims to provide a comparative analysis of the concentration of nitrogen dioxide (NO2), black carbon (BC), carbon monoxide (CO), sulfates (SO4), and ozone (O3) during the pre-pandemic and pandemic periods in Brazil, associated with changes in energy use. The series of compiled data provided by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) through the GIOVANNI platform enabled the analysis of the impact of pollutant levels, considering a time interval spanning from January to June of 2018, 2019, and 2020.

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Comparative Spatial and Temporal Analysis of Atmospheric Pollutants Levels and Energy Consumption Emissions in Brazil: Pre and During COVID-19 Pandemic Periods

  • 章节

  • 发表日期：

    2025年

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  • Willian Cézar Nadaleti,
  • Anderson Corrêa,
  • Eduarda Gomes De Souza,
  • Emanuélle Soares Cardozo,
  • Maele Costa Dos Santos,
  • Jeferson GOMES,
  • Diuliana Leandro

摘要

In March 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) classified COVID-19 as a global pandemic, with the recommendation of social distancing to mitigate the spread of the virus. The reduction in vehicular traffic and industrial activities has resulted in a decline in the emission of certain atmospheric pollutants and greenhouse gases. Atmospheric pollution represents one of the significant challenges of present-day society, and in South America, it is one of the most persistent environmental issues. The COVID-19 measures implemented across the globe, such as imposing lockdowns, restricting movement, and adopting other containment strategies, resulted in a substantial reduction in energy consumption within the transportation sector. Brazil has limited access to electricity and heavily relies on traditional energy sources to meet its domestic energy demand. Biomass combustion, electricity consumption, and the transportation and industrial sectors play significant roles as major contributors to atmospheric pollution. To control and mitigate anthropogenic emissions it is essential to combine technical-scientific knowledge with legal measures. The present study aims to provide a comparative analysis of the concentration of nitrogen dioxide (NO2), black carbon (BC), carbon monoxide (CO), sulfates (SO4), and ozone (O3) during the pre-pandemic and pandemic periods in Brazil, associated with changes in energy use. The series of compiled data provided by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) through the GIOVANNI platform enabled the analysis of the impact of pollutant levels, considering a time interval spanning from January to June of 2018, 2019, and 2020.