This book chapter examines the environmental and social challenges faced by Ji-Paraná, the second most populous municipality in the Brazilian state of Rondônia. Focusing on deforestation, biodiversity loss, frequent forest fires, land conflicts, and socioeconomic disparities, this chapter analyses their causes and effects. Geospatial data and analysis techniques, including QGIS, NDVI analysis, and MapBiomas data collection, were used as a method to map and analyse the impacts of land use changes and landscape patterns. To mitigate the challenges identified, this chapter proposes urban planning tools to address urbanization-related issues, combined with biodiversity strategies that include the protection of natural areas, the promotion of sustainable agriculture, reforestation, and sustainable urban planning. Key areas include comprehensive urban planning, efficient land use, provision of green spaces, and improved transport infrastructure. Social strategies such as the creation of cultural hubs and community engagement are also highlighted as tools to promote inclusiveness and effective conservation efforts. By integrating scientific research, geospatial analysis, and community engagement ideas, this chapter offers practical approaches to support sustainable development and conservation efforts in the region. By using mapping techniques, data analysis and participatory methods, decision-makers can make informed choices for a resilient and equitable future in Ji-Paraná.