Field Work Approach
摘要
The philosophical framework for field work was consistent with approach used for other aspects of Apollo program activities, characterized by maximum flexibility and minimal micromanagement of multi-disciplinary teams including astronauts, field geologists, and ground support personnel. A series of documentary films were made by the USGS at field sites to describe the modification of terrestrial field and data analysis techniques for use by the Apollo program, to record the training of the astronauts in these techniques. The use of space suits, the portable life support unit developed for walking, allowed the development of a wheeled device to enhance access without adding the cost and schedule that would be required for another life support system. The 2.3 m 210 kg vehicle could carry more than twice its weight (440 kg). to include two astronauts, lunar samples (up to 100 kg), RF equipment and a movie camera for real time communication with the Earth, cameras and the geological toolkit. The rover actually achieved speeds approaching 20 km/h on later missions. The ‘moon buggy’ had sufficient traction to climb 25° slopes without significant wheel slippage, which meant it could climb the outer slopes of many craters. The original prototypes were larger, and the final unit actually became much smaller. Great efforts were made to provide a spacesuit with manual dexterity. However, the gauntlet-like gloves (Fig. 5.4) were still relatively stiff and cumbersome. At field sites the astronauts needed their hands for sample collection and photographic documentation. So, NASA came up with an alternative: articulate streaming of detailed yet comprehensible information, in other words, oral documentation. The field exercises were conducted using aerial photomaps produced at the same scale as the photomaps to be used on the Moon and space suit cuff checklists as mnemonic devices.