Regional poverty in Côte d’Ivoire is not merely an economic issue but a structural legacy of historical neglect and a persistent threat to sustainable peace. This chapter argues that macroeconomic growth alone cannot ensure peace without targeted regional development addressing historical imbalances. Analysing longitudinal data, from 1970s public investment biases to 1990s socio-economic decline in northern ethnic groups, reveals how spatial inequality became a catalyst for rebellion. The 2018 EHCVM data also confirms that poverty remains spatially concentrated in conflict-affected zones, reinforcing grievances that undermine post-2011 stability. These inequalities, entrenched since the colonial and post-independence eras, reflect systemic marginalisation of northern and western regions, where underinvestment in infrastructure, education, and governance perpetuates cycles of deprivation. The chapter also identified the challenges of peacebuilding in Côte d’Ivoire, particularly the limitations of the UN’s top-down approach, which emphasised macroeconomic recovery while neglecting grassroots inclusion. This oversight left many underlying grievances unresolved. Future reflections highlight the risk of recurring instability if spatial inequalities are not addressed through more equitable and decentralised development strategies. The chapter recommends redirecting investment to marginalised regions, strengthening local governance structures, and integrating traditional reconciliation mechanisms with formal peace processes to build a more inclusive and sustainable peace.