The sustainability concept is aimed to support economic progress that does not originate from pollution. In this context, the 2030 Agenda is the new global framework to achieve sustainable development by 2030 and help eradicate poverty, reduce hunger, and achieve food security. Thus, in order to reach the objective of sustainable development, it is necessary to support food security and to prevent and/or reduce hunger. In general, food safety is threatened by environmental impacts. Recently, green biotechnology has excited much attention from academics, because it provides methods that could support food safety despite the environmental burdens. However, using green biotechnology to agri-food sector also creates some consumers’ reticence. This chapter aims to study both green biotechnology as a possible solution to food insecurity and consumers’ reticence. The chapter closes that despite the undeniable benefits of green biotechnology, some of its aspects do not permit to be accepted by consumers. Thus, the chapter proposes both some solutions and to do further research.