Enhancing Mealtime Experiences for Patients with Dementia Experiencing Dysphagia Through Assistive Technologies
摘要
Dysphagia, or difficulty swallowing, is a prevalent and complex problem among people with dementia, especially in the later stages of the disease. It negatively affects not only physical health due to risks such as aspiration and malnutrition, but also emotional well-being, autonomy, and social participation during mealtimes. However, current solutions, such as texture-modified diets and thickened liquids, are limited and often prioritize safety over the enjoyment of eating. This paper investigates how Assistive Technologies can contribute to a better mealtime experience for patients with dementia experiencing dysphagia. Using a user-centered, exploratory research design—including interviews, observations, iterative prototyping, and testing with patients in Dutch care facilities—various potential Assistive Technologies were evaluated. Results show that Assistive Technologies have the potential to enhance mealtime quality, but require ease of use, durability, adaptability to cognitive abilities, dignity-preserving design, safety, affordability, and the capacity to provide sensory stimulation. The study highlights development and implementation considerations to improve mealtime experiences for people with dementia through Assistive Technology.