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Various fuel options and numerous powertrain configurations have raised a controversial discussion about the future of energy transition in maritime operations. This study applies a Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) to assess fuel–powertrain combinations for maritime operations based on three criteria: travel range, Well-to-Wake (WTW) lifecycle CO₂ emissions, and Life Cycle Cost (LCC). A coastal Norwegian vessel operating in short-sea is used as a reference case for scenario-based comparison. Methanol-based configurations, particularly e-methanol in ICE configuration, emerge as the most balanced alternatives, offering emissions reduction and cost-effectiveness while remaining operationally comparable to LNG. The configurations are evaluated through weighted scoring that integrates performance trade-offs, supporting informed and structured decision-making for retrofitting and future maritime fuel adoption.

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A Multi-criteria Analysis of Alternative Fuels for Maritime Operations: Balancing Space Efficiency, Sustainability, and Financial Feasibility

  • 会议论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年

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  • Emmanouil Kamilakis,
  • Vilmar Æsøy,
  • Ann Rigmor Nerheim

摘要

Various fuel options and numerous powertrain configurations have raised a controversial discussion about the future of energy transition in maritime operations. This study applies a Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) to assess fuel–powertrain combinations for maritime operations based on three criteria: travel range, Well-to-Wake (WTW) lifecycle CO₂ emissions, and Life Cycle Cost (LCC). A coastal Norwegian vessel operating in short-sea is used as a reference case for scenario-based comparison. Methanol-based configurations, particularly e-methanol in ICE configuration, emerge as the most balanced alternatives, offering emissions reduction and cost-effectiveness while remaining operationally comparable to LNG. The configurations are evaluated through weighted scoring that integrates performance trade-offs, supporting informed and structured decision-making for retrofitting and future maritime fuel adoption.