Application of the Hybrid Membrane-Gas Absorption (MGA) Technology for On-Board Carbon Capture and Storage
摘要
The shipping sector contributes approximately 3% of global annual CO₂ emissions. To achieve carbon neutrality by 2050, as mandated by IMO and EU regulations, the sector must implement aggressive decarbonization strategies after 2030, combining advanced technologies, operational measures, and alternative fuels. Carbon capture is a promising mid-term solution, especially post-combustion capture, which is largely fuel agnostic and can be retrofitted without major engine modifications. However, conventional absorption-desorption systems, developed for land-based applications, are bulky, energy-intensive, and inefficient under off-design conditions. This study presents a novel hybrid Membrane Gas Absorption (MGA) technology that merges the compactness and scalability of membrane systems with the efficiency of chemical absorption. MGA is particularly well-suited for shipboard applications due to reduced space and energy demands. A pilot-scale unit – consisting of commercial membrane contactors and commercial amine-water solvent - was developed for integration with the exhaust stream of four-stroke medium-speed diesel engine typical of marine auxiliary systems. A series of experiments examined the system’s carbon capture efficiency by systematically varying parameters such as solvent flow rates, amine loading, and % CO2 concentration in the flue gas. CO₂ capture rates up to 100% at low gas flow rates and favorable G/L ratios were achieved, while capture efficiency decreased as gas flow increased. Higher inlet CO₂% increased solvent loading but reduced capture efficiency. The study concludes with insights on MGA integration for shipboard systems, underlining its promise as a scalable and practical carbon capture solution for maritime decarbonization.