This chapter provides a comprehensive overview of the current landscape of astrobiology and planetary sciences in Chile, highlighting its scientific achievements, institutional developments, and future prospects. With the Atacama Desert recognized as one of the most valuable Mars analogue sites on Earth, Chile has emerged as a key player in international astrobiology research, contributing to major initiatives such as ARADS and ExoFiT. These projects have tested technologies for biosignature detection, contamination control, and rover operations under Mars-like conditions. The chapter also explores the growing field of planetary sciences in Chile, which benefits from an extensive network of observatories and a rising interest in Solar System studies, including CubeSat development, meteoritics, and lunar base simulations. While institutional representation in international collaborations remains limited, recent efforts such as the Latin American Artemis Project Workshop (LAAP24) and the strengthening of academic programs suggest a promising trajectory. Public outreach initiatives and the incorporation of planetary topics into university curricula have contributed to increasing student interest. Overall, Chile’s unique natural laboratories, scientific expertise, and strategic initiatives position it to play an increasingly central role in advancing space science and contributing to the objectives of international frameworks such as the Artemis Accords.