Infection prevention and control (IPC) is a fundamental pillar of patient safety and healthcare quality. Its effectiveness depends on a structured, evidence-based quality management approach that ensures consistency, adaptability, and measurable impact. The integration of continuous quality improvement (CQI) methods—such as the Plan-Do-Check-Act (PDCA) cycle—enables healthcare institutions to systematically identify gaps, implement targeted interventions, and monitor progress. Key components of a high-performing IPC program include tailored application of guidelines, robust surveillance systems, multimodal implementation strategies, ongoing staff education, and clearly defined roles and responsibilities. Nurses, as frontline actors, play a critical role in antimicrobial stewardship and protocol adherence. Root Cause Analysis (RCA), using tools like the Ishikawa diagram and Failure Modes and Effects Analysis (FMEA), provides a structured framework for identifying systemic failures and prioritizing high-risk vulnerabilities. Importantly, patient education enhances adherence to IPC measures, yet remains underutilized. Simulation-based training reinforces practical competencies and decision-making under pressure, contributing to organizational resilience. Embedding these quality management principles into IPC fosters a culture of safety, improves clinical outcomes, and supports sustainable reductions in healthcare-associated infections and antimicrobial resistance.