In order to deepen knowledge about activities of production-related energy and prevent its abnormal release, with typical energy as research example, practical induction and theoretical modelling were combined to reveal activity properties and abnormal release mechanism of such energy. Then, it was categorized by analyzing its characteristics and activity patterns, and constraint and control conditions for safe energy activities were established. Finally, based upon proposed duality of energy objects and related concepts, a theoretical model of production-related energy activities was constructed and applied to analyze abnormal release of various energy. The results show that production systems are composed of energy objects which have duality of energy and matter and are categorized according to factors including their states, activities and work of energy. To ensure safe activities, constraint and control conditions should be satisfied, and failure of such conditions can cause abnormal release of energy.