With an abundance of research demonstrating that applied behavior analysis (ABA) is a well-established treatment for autism spectrum disorder and the proliferation of state and federal laws mandating the reimbursement of ABA services as a medically necessary treatment, ABA has become a widely accepted health care service for autistic individuals. Accordingly, an increasing number of states have pursued licensure legislation to regulate behavior analysts, the predominant practitioners of ABA. To date, a total of 37 states have enacted licensure laws to regulate behavior analysts, with wide variation in the requirements established in each state. Although intended to protect professionals and consumers by preserving behavior analysts’ right to practice and defining minimum education, training, and experience qualifications, licensure laws can unintentionally create barriers to medically necessary treatment. While the field has seen significant growth over the years, the number of behavior analysts is still insufficient to meet the extraordinary demand for their services. This chapter provides a history of behavior analysis licensure, discusses the features of effective and disruptive laws, and urges stakeholders to carefully consider the costs, benefits, and the public’s best interests when pursuing or amending licensure legislation.