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Soil salinity is a critical challenge affecting over 20% of irrigated land, leading to reduced crop productivity, soil degradation, and economic losses. Excessive salt accumulation disrupts plant water uptake, induces ion toxicity, and deteriorates soil structure, posing a significant threat to food security. Integrated Soil and Plant Management (ISPM) strategies offer sustainable solutions by combining soil amendments such as gypsum, biochar, and compost with biological interventions like Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) and Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) to enhance soil fertility and plant stress tolerance. Precision water management techniques, including drip irrigation and saline water dilution, help regulate salt concentrations, preventing further salinization. Advancements in genetic engineering, including CRISPR and transgenic approaches, target key salt tolerance genes like SOS1 and HKT1, improving crop resilience. Synthetic biology and AI-driven salinity prediction models integrate satellite imagery and IoT sensors for real-time monitoring and resource optimization. Diversified farming strategies, such as intercropping and halophyte cultivation, further contribute to ecosystem resilience. Effective policy interventions, financial incentives, and digital advisory platforms are crucial for promoting ISPM adoption. Global cooperation through institutions like FAO and CGIAR can facilitate knowledge-sharing and best-practice implementation. Addressing soil salinity requires a multidisciplinary approach integrating agronomy, genetics, microbiology, and climate-smart agriculture. By fostering collaboration among researchers, policymakers, and farmers, ISPM can enhance soil and plant resilience, ensuring sustainable agricultural productivity and long-term environmental stability.

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Integrated Approaches for Enhancing Soil and Plant Resilience in Saline Environments

  • 章节

  • 发表日期：

    2026年

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  • Chandrakant Singh,
  • Tribhuwan Singh,
  • Saumya Kumari

摘要

Soil salinity is a critical challenge affecting over 20% of irrigated land, leading to reduced crop productivity, soil degradation, and economic losses. Excessive salt accumulation disrupts plant water uptake, induces ion toxicity, and deteriorates soil structure, posing a significant threat to food security. Integrated Soil and Plant Management (ISPM) strategies offer sustainable solutions by combining soil amendments such as gypsum, biochar, and compost with biological interventions like Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) and Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) to enhance soil fertility and plant stress tolerance. Precision water management techniques, including drip irrigation and saline water dilution, help regulate salt concentrations, preventing further salinization. Advancements in genetic engineering, including CRISPR and transgenic approaches, target key salt tolerance genes like SOS1 and HKT1, improving crop resilience. Synthetic biology and AI-driven salinity prediction models integrate satellite imagery and IoT sensors for real-time monitoring and resource optimization. Diversified farming strategies, such as intercropping and halophyte cultivation, further contribute to ecosystem resilience. Effective policy interventions, financial incentives, and digital advisory platforms are crucial for promoting ISPM adoption. Global cooperation through institutions like FAO and CGIAR can facilitate knowledge-sharing and best-practice implementation. Addressing soil salinity requires a multidisciplinary approach integrating agronomy, genetics, microbiology, and climate-smart agriculture. By fostering collaboration among researchers, policymakers, and farmers, ISPM can enhance soil and plant resilience, ensuring sustainable agricultural productivity and long-term environmental stability.