Soil salinity is a severe concern for agriculture worldwide which affects almost 30% of irrigated land and 6% of total land resulting in a considerable drop in crop productivity. High salt concentrations in the soil disrupt plant water uptake ability, nutritional balance, and ion toxicity causing a significant decrease in growth and yields. Plants use many mechanisms to reduce the stress, such as activating the Salt Overly Sensitive (SOS) signaling pathway and using high-affinity K+ transporters (HKTs) and Na+/H+ exchangers (NHXs), which maintain ion balance in plants. They also stimulate the formation of metabolites, hormones including ABA, and antioxidants. All of these mechanisms contribute to plant survival under salinity. This chapter describes the stress-related mechanisms used by plants, as well as the approaches that can be used to enhance salinity tolerance in plants. We emphasized the importance of CRISPR technology for targeting salinity-related genes and the usage of nanoparticles like zinc oxide, iron oxide, and selenium to improve stress tolerance in various plants.