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Based on wind field modeling, the effects of various model hedge and technical windbreak types on wind speed and evapotranspiration in the cultivars were investigated. Computations were calibrated with microclimatic field measurements at citrus orchard and vineyard farm site in the Western Cape near Somerset West and Stellenbosch, respectively. The hedge types reduce evapotranspiration over the entire plot by 7.9% (Chinese Poplar), 11.1% (beefwood), and 12.8% (dense beefwood) at Babylonstoren and by 10.4%, 14.8%, and 17.4%, respectively, at Rust en Vrede farm. This implies considerable annual water consumption reductions of 318 to 533 m3 ha−1 a−1 including estimated water consumption of the hedges at Rust en Vrede farm. Because of their limited height, technical windbreaks such as single vertical shading nets and solar fences show limited wind speed and evapotranspiration reductions (2.9% to 5.7%) Their effect on reducing water consumption is also quite low with 173 to 184 m3 ha−1 a−1 at Rust en Vrede farm. Therefore, technical windbreaks only seem to be a feasible option when combining their moderate effects on irrigation demands with technical benefits. Although reducing wind speed and evapotranspiration significantly, first results on the effect of complete four-side netting of orchards on the water balance imply a significant increase in irrigation water demand because rainfall under the net is inhibited by 90%.

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Simulation Modeling of Windbreak Types Affecting Wind Speed, Evapotranspiration, and Water Balance in the Cape Winelands

  • 章节

  • 发表日期：

    2026年

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  • Thomas Littmann,
  • Tobias Recke,
  • Daniel Littmann,
  • Anton Kunneke,
  • Ben du Toit,
  • Maik Veste

摘要

Based on wind field modeling, the effects of various model hedge and technical windbreak types on wind speed and evapotranspiration in the cultivars were investigated. Computations were calibrated with microclimatic field measurements at citrus orchard and vineyard farm site in the Western Cape near Somerset West and Stellenbosch, respectively. The hedge types reduce evapotranspiration over the entire plot by 7.9% (Chinese Poplar), 11.1% (beefwood), and 12.8% (dense beefwood) at Babylonstoren and by 10.4%, 14.8%, and 17.4%, respectively, at Rust en Vrede farm. This implies considerable annual water consumption reductions of 318 to 533 m3 ha−1 a−1 including estimated water consumption of the hedges at Rust en Vrede farm. Because of their limited height, technical windbreaks such as single vertical shading nets and solar fences show limited wind speed and evapotranspiration reductions (2.9% to 5.7%) Their effect on reducing water consumption is also quite low with 173 to 184 m3 ha−1 a−1 at Rust en Vrede farm. Therefore, technical windbreaks only seem to be a feasible option when combining their moderate effects on irrigation demands with technical benefits. Although reducing wind speed and evapotranspiration significantly, first results on the effect of complete four-side netting of orchards on the water balance imply a significant increase in irrigation water demand because rainfall under the net is inhibited by 90%.