Scholarlink

Achalasia is a rare esophageal motility disorder that causes difficulty swallowing due to failure of peristalsis and inability to relax the lower esophageal sphincter. Botulinum toxin injection is a treatment option for achalasia that relaxes the lower esophageal sphincter, allowing improved emptying of the esophagus. This chapter describes each endoscopic botulinum toxin injection step with representative images.

错误：搜索内容不能为空，请输入英文关键词
错误：关键词超出字数限制，请精简
高级检索

Endoscopic Botulinum Toxin Injection

  • 章节

  • 发表日期：

    2026年

查看全文
  • Daniel Ludi,
  • Anna M. Lipowska

摘要

Achalasia is a rare esophageal motility disorder that causes difficulty swallowing due to failure of peristalsis and inability to relax the lower esophageal sphincter. Botulinum toxin injection is a treatment option for achalasia that relaxes the lower esophageal sphincter, allowing improved emptying of the esophagus. This chapter describes each endoscopic botulinum toxin injection step with representative images.