Nano-delivery systems address many challenges of traditional drug administration by enhancing aqueous solubility, stability, drug efficiency, and controlled release in chemotherapy. Dendrimers and nanogels offer unique platforms for drug attachment, enabling both passive and active drug administration. Dendrimers are highly branched polymeric structures with a well-defined nanosize, low polydispersity, and a numerous active amine groups on their surface. Their high drug encapsulation capacity and passive targeting ability make them effective drug carriers. On the other hand, nanogels are a flexible drug delivery strategy since they combine the qualities of hydrogels and nanoparticles. When it comes to the distribution of bioactive mediators at specified sites or under temporal control, nanogels have garnered a lot of interest as tiny drug delivery systems. Nanogels have shown tremendous potential for a variety of uses, including gene transfer, medication administration during chemotherapy, organ targeting, diagnostics, and many more. This chapter covers dendrimers and nanogels drug loading capacity, drug release mechanism, and the most significant current usage in various drug delivery domains. Additionally, we address the difficulties, options, and future of dendrimer- and nanogel-based drug delivery technologies.