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Pesticides are chemicals used extensively throughout the agricultural sector to control pests, such as insects, that commonly attack and destroy crops. In recent years, their use has increased considerably, in which humans are exposed to pesticides in their occupations or through dietary and environmental exposure. The WHO has suggested that more than three million pesticide-induced poisonings occur annually, resulting in deaths and diseases. Clinical studies with humans and experimental animal models have shown that exposure to pesticides interferes in several endocrine pathways related to the activation of survival, proliferation, and differentiation of stem cells and can be strictly related to several other diseases, such as cancer. Long-term exposure to pesticides can cause immune dysregulation, and their effects depend on the type of chemical substance, dosage, route, and duration of exposure. Immune cells are relatively sensitive to substances that affect the cell cycle or cause damage to the DNA structure. Pesticides can inhibit lymphocytes and monocyte proliferation, affect the production of cytokines and immunoglobulins, alter the cell’s phagocytic activity, and induce apoptosis. This chapter will address the impact of pesticides on endocrine and immunological axes and its relationship with cancer development.

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Impact of Pesticides on Immune-Endocrine Disorders and Its Relationship to Cancer Development

  • 工具书词条

  • 发表日期：

    2025年

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  • Tatiane Renata Fagundes,
  • Aedra Carla Bufalo Kawassaki,
  • Virginia Marcia Concato,
  • João Paulo Assolini,
  • Taylon Felipe Silva,
  • Manoela Daiele Gonçalves,
  • Elaine da Silva Siqueira,
  • Claudia Stoeglehner Sahd,
  • Fabrício Seidy Ribeiro Inoue,
  • Thais Peron da Silva,
  • Debora Messagi de Lima,
  • Mariane Okamoto Ferreira,
  • Ivete Conchon-Costa,
  • Wander Rogério Pavanelli,
  • Carolina Panis

摘要

Pesticides are chemicals used extensively throughout the agricultural sector to control pests, such as insects, that commonly attack and destroy crops. In recent years, their use has increased considerably, in which humans are exposed to pesticides in their occupations or through dietary and environmental exposure. The WHO has suggested that more than three million pesticide-induced poisonings occur annually, resulting in deaths and diseases. Clinical studies with humans and experimental animal models have shown that exposure to pesticides interferes in several endocrine pathways related to the activation of survival, proliferation, and differentiation of stem cells and can be strictly related to several other diseases, such as cancer. Long-term exposure to pesticides can cause immune dysregulation, and their effects depend on the type of chemical substance, dosage, route, and duration of exposure. Immune cells are relatively sensitive to substances that affect the cell cycle or cause damage to the DNA structure. Pesticides can inhibit lymphocytes and monocyte proliferation, affect the production of cytokines and immunoglobulins, alter the cell’s phagocytic activity, and induce apoptosis. This chapter will address the impact of pesticides on endocrine and immunological axes and its relationship with cancer development.