Recent epidemiological research has emphasized the importance of sex dimorphism in influencing the occurrence and survival results of various cancer types. Disparities are evident in various nonreproductive cancers, with variations observed about age and ethnicity. Generally, men are more likely to be diagnosed with and die from various cancers, including those of the bladder, kidney, colorectal cancer (CRC) impacting the liver, esophageal, head and neck, brain, dermal, and hematological types. This pattern can be partially ascribed to work-related exposures influenced by gender, including contact with metals such as cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), copper (Cu), and zinc (Zn) and chemical crop protection agents, as well as behavior-related risk elements like diet, smoking, and the intake of alcoholic beverages. Recently, researchers have delved into the potential cellular and molecular underpinnings, in conjunction with environmental factors, contributing to the differences in cancer susceptibility between the genders in nonreproductive tissues. Indeed, numerous instances of sex disparities in overall disease susceptibility arise from a combination of factors, including sexual hormones, genetic variations, skin characteristics, and epigenetic influences. Sex hormones and the disruption of hormone signaling are extensively documented to play an important role in the development of cancers in hormonal-dependent organs. This encompasses breast cancer and tumors impacting female reproductive organs like the endometrium and ovaries, along with prostate and testicular cancers in males. Epidemiological evidence notably highlights substantial gender differences in the occurrence of various cancers in nonreproductive organs, an area where the effects of sexual hormones have been less thoroughly studied. Despite this compelling data, the field remains insufficiently explored, and gender differences have not consistently been considered in account in cancer research. Hence, an urgent need is to enhance our comprehension of the molecular, cellular, and biological distinctions between men and women. This is essential for developing more tailored therapeutic interventions specifically designed by gender, applicable to the design of clinical trials.