Soil degradation resulting from poor soil fertility management practices significantly undermines agricultural productivity in Sub-Saharan Africa. This presents a serious environmental challenge that jeopardizes the sustainability of crop yields. In Bafou, local farmers are increasingly grappling with the urgent issue of soil degradation, which poses a substantial risk to agricultural productivity and food security. This chapter explores the various adaptation strategies farmers in the region use to tackle the challenges associated with declining soil health. Utilizing a mixed research approach (qualitative and quantitative methods), interviews, surveys, and field observations, 125 questionnaires were administered to farming households, focusing on their primary livelihood activities. The findings indicate that the degradation of farmlands in the study area is caused by unsuitable agricultural practices, soil erosion, and climate change, which aggravate the situation. Farmers are adopting indigenous strategies to enhance the resilience and agricultural sustainability. The adaptive approaches put in place were crop rotation (45%), intercropping (99%), fallowing (23%), organic manuring (89%), mulching (97%), and minimized tillage/no-tillage (54%). In addition, farmers face demographic (66%), socio-economic (10%), and traditional/cultural (24%) challenges when combating the degradation of farmlands. This chapter aims to deepen the understanding of the adaptive capacity of farmers in Bafou, offering valuable insights for development practitioners and policymakers on effective strategies to mitigate the impacts of soil degradation. Eventually, the study seeks to promote sustainable agriculture and facilitate the sustainable development of Bafou and similar rural areas.