This section moves beyond the courtroom to explore the social purposes and mechanisms behind witchcraft accusations and investigates alternative forms of conflict resolution outside formal trials. Witchcraft discourse provided a framework for assigning blame and projecting frustrations or hostilities onto others. It became a tool for social control, helping communities address conflicts and tensions. Although anyone in the community could become the target of suspicion, individuals who deviated from societal norms, whether through wealth, poverty, or other factors, were more vulnerable to accusations. Conflict resolution without resorting to witch trials, while likely common, often went unrecorded. This chapter focuses on two prominent alternatives to trials: reconciliation and counter-magic. Reconciliation involved efforts by the parties to restore relations and resolve conflicts without legal intervention. Counter-magic, on the other hand, encompassed various practices aimed at protecting oneself, reversing bewitchment, or retaliating against the alleged witch. These practices included homemade protective or curative measures, as well as assistance from recognized specialists, such as witch-doctors. In addition to hostility towards cunning folk, both Catholic and Orthodox clergy offered a sanctioned form of counter-magic through religious rites and objects.