This chapter presents a comprehensive overview of coral reef monitoring methodologies employed in Iran, with particular emphasis on the Persian Gulf region. It highlights the growing role of remote sensing and satellite technologies in large-scale reef assessment, emphasizing the use of high-resolution imagery and GIS integration for detecting reef changes and environmental threats. Additionally, the chapter evaluates the role of drone-based monitoring in generating ultra-high-resolution reef maps, facilitating spatial analysis, and promoting stakeholder engagement in conservation initiatives. Furthermore, it underscores the continued significance of in situ ecological surveys, the implementation of standardized monitoring protocols, and the application of advanced data analysis methodologies to assess reef health and biodiversity. Lastly, the chapter critically examines persistent challenges in long-term monitoring programs, such as financial constraints and methodological inconsistencies, which must be addressed to enhance the efficacy of reef conservation strategies and inform evidence-based policy development in the region.