Syncope, or fainting, can occur due to various etiologies including vasovagal syncope, dehydration, postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS), and arrhythmias. Syncopal episodes may seem harmless, but repeated and/or unexplained events should prompt a visit to a doctor or the nearest emergency room. Assessing the etiology requires a thorough medical evaluation, including a complete history, physical exam, and electrocardiogram. Advanced tests like tilt table testing or an electrophysiology study may be indicated if a heart rhythm problem is suspected but not observed. Depending on the cause, treatment strategies can range from adequate hydration, lifestyle changes, and medications to more invasive techniques like ablation or cardiac device implantation.