Climate change and the energy crisis have become pressing problems nowadays like never before. As a result, the European Union (EU) is increasingly promoting energy-efficient modes in all aspects of life, and the transport sector is no different. Initiatives to reform the transport sector in the EU started as early as the 2000s. At that time, these objectives focused on various strategies, including the promotion of biofuels. The global events of the following decades (i.e., economic recessions, war conflicts, the increasingly tangible consequences of climate change, etc.) required a change of attitude and a new approach to transport from the EU. These processes and their subsequent effects have contributed towards a target of 42.5% renewable share by 2030, mainly driven by facilitating the increasing utilization of electric cars. At the moment, it seems that thanks to the new directive, the use of biofuels will be pushed into the background—at least no further increase in the blending rate is expected—and the green transport reform is expected from electric vehicles, while the promotion of hydrogen-powered vehicles is also imminent. The development of electric cars is certainly remarkable, but their limitations should not be overlooked. Electric cars can only be considered truly zero-emission vehicles if the electricity used as “fuel” is generated from renewable energy. An important question is that whether electric cars can really change the entire transportation sector and lead to a more sustainable and cleaner life, or they are just a transition towards further innovations. The present chapter explores these issues and provides interesting insights.