Enterprise innovation performance (EIP) reflects how efficiently a company allocates and utilises resources in innovation activities, and outstanding EIP plays a pivotal role in attracting consumers and investors while fostering long-term business growth. With the support of national innovation-driven policies, EIP has flourished. Although BYD Company Limited (BYD) occupies a leading position in the new energy vehicle market, the normalisation of industry competition remains a challenge it has to face. This study examines the constraints affecting BYD’s innovation performance. It also proposes certain countermeasures, including expanding financing channels and strengthening collaboration, strengthening the alignment between technological innovation and market demand, strengthening talent management and enhancing R&D efficiency, etc. These incentives will help BYD improve its innovation effectiveness and innovation capabilities.