Digital Governance Reforms in Hungary: From Developing Hardware to a Common Digital Platform
摘要
This chapter gives an account of the Hungarian development path of digital governance. The quest for the governance of and governance by digital platforms has been present in Hungary for many decades. After the initial phase which intended to develop independent data-processing hardware, the efforts were oriented toward using interconnected computers to govern large systems, such as central planning in the 1970s and 1980s. The appearance of PCs decisively changed the civil service’s attitudes toward digital possibilities and ushered in the realm of digital reform policies for efficiency gains which were kindled and incentivized by the European Commission. The era of unified public platforms both for the purpose of client management and governance enhancement was launched by the sweeping reforms of the 2010s which also provided enormous government databases which are now able to provide information on any single event but are not yet effectively managed to build models, monitor patterns, and in any ways promote state governance. The current state of digital governance in Hungary is dominantly a result of EU policies but bares the possibility of another development leap for AI enhanced approaches.