Korea’s approach to the data economy reflects its legacy as a developmental state, with the government actively shaping policies, infrastructure, and regulations. Recognizing data as a strategic asset, Korea has developed platforms like the Open Government Data Platform, AI Hub, and Big Data Platforms to facilitate data access and utilization. Through substantial public investment, the state acts as both a market facilitator and risk mitigator, ensuring data-driven growth. Legal frameworks, including the Data Framework Act, further reinforce data governance, security, and market transactions. Additionally, workforce development initiatives, such as university partnerships and the Big Data Academy, address skill gaps, fostering an innovation-driven ecosystem. While Korea’s model promotes inclusive data policies, challenges remain, including fragmentation in data-sharing mechanisms and disparities in analytical capabilities among enterprises. Nevertheless, Korea’s strategic interventions demonstrate the evolving role of a developmental state in the digital economy, balancing regulatory oversight with market facilitation for sustainable data-driven growth.