Despite the growing body of research on local governance performance (LGP), existing studies often lack a comprehensive and cohesive conceptual framework that integrates the multifaceted dimensions of performance. In this article, we conducted a systematic review and thematic analysis of 51 studies on LGP, aiming to develop a general conceptual framework for LGP from the perspective of interface governance. We identified four key dimensions of governance performance: functions and goals, internal structure, interface, and external environment. Our findings revealed that governance performance is primarily driven by the interactions of collaborative governance actors within the governance interface, as shown by the strong co-occurrence of governance actor-related codes. While governance actor-related codes demonstrated strong connections, the external environment and capabilities subdimensions appeared marginal, and the internal connections within the framework were weak. This research provides a comprehensive conceptual framework for understanding and evaluating LGP, emphasizing the pivotal role of governance actors and their interactions, while underscoring the importance of external environmental factors. Additionally, this study offers new perspectives for future empirical research and policymaking aimed at enhancing governance performance.