Human-animal interaction (HAI) is a growing multidisciplinary research area, garnering more attention since the COVID-19 pandemic. The pandemic created a unique opportunity to examine the importance of HAI to communities of people, when human interpersonal interaction was absent because of the disease’s transmission and related mitigation strategies of isolation. This article conducted a review of 294 total journal articles, in which 56 records were identified that focused on community-level HAI benefits. The purpose of this review is twofold. First, it examines current HAI research to thematically analyze the potential contributions to COVID-19 recovery. Second, it determines overarching knowledge deficits, shedding light on potential HAI-specific research orientations regarding community wellness and resilience in the context of COVID-19. The analysis indicates the positive impacts of HAI on community development and the importance of the One Health paradigm to holistic community building for COVID-19 recovery and resilience. Finally, suggestions for future research directions are provided to further examine the areas of improvement identified in the literature and to continue building resilience through HAI as the global community enters a post-pandemic world.