Riverbank erosion has a negative impact on many countries worldwide, resulting in the loss of land, infrastructure, food supplies, and biodiversity, necessitating the displacement of populations. Riverbank erosion is a frequent occurrence in low-lying deltaic countries, including Bangladesh. River bank erosion is the most detrimental natural disaster, causing significant damage to both the population and their assets. Being a highly erosion prone area, riverbank erosion has disastrous effects on people’s livelihood over the time in Sirajganj district which is located along the bank of Jamuna River. However, millions of people depend on the Jamuna river system in Bangladesh for their everyday needs. This chapter focuses on analyzing the patterns and risks and vulnerabilities of people’s livelihood due to riverbank erosion in Bangladesh. This chapter will also provide a justification for the research methodology used in this book.