Self-cleaning textiles provide notable benefits including resistance to stains, odor management, and ease of maintenance. While traditional techniques are available, nanotechnology presents a promising avenue for attaining enhanced self-cleaning characteristics. This chapter discusses the potential of nanoparticles for creating self-cleaning textiles and examine different kinds of nanoparticles and how they work, shedding light on their advantages over conventional techniques. However, the chapter also acknowledges the challenges and concerns associated with nanoparticle use, including environmental impact, potential health risks, and integration difficulties. Alternative strategies for self-cleaning textiles are explored, emphasizing the importance of responsible development. Finally, the chapter discusses future prospects and the need for ongoing research to ensure sustainable and safe self-cleaning textile technologies.