The use of nanoparticles in therapeutic textiles is discussed in this chapter to illustrate the potential of this technology for the management of chronic illness, wound healing, and wellness improvement. Nanoparticles have a very tiny size with immense surface area, making them suitable for medicinal usages owing to their distinct chemical as well as physical properties when compared to materials with similar bulk composition. It also discusses some of the main safety and regulatory concerns, gives a synopsis of the several kinds of nanoparticles and synthesis, functionalization, and integration processes, and reviews the current developments in therapeutic textiles such as smart bandages, hospital bed treatments, and wearable health monitoring, and wound dressings. Discussion on the use of biodegradable nanoparticles for sustainability is taken into account, further supported by an idea on smart future fabrics with stimulus responsiveness.