Prospective Life Cycle Assessment of a Battery Recycling Process with Organic Modeling
摘要
There is limited information regarding the environmentalEnvironmental impacts associated with the battery recyclingBattery recycling processes aiming to recycleRecycle cathode materials. Process simulationProcess simulation is a powerful tool that, when databases are not available, can generate appropriate system estimates that allow topical knowledge gaps to be addressed. In this study, a life cycle inventory was obtained through process simulation, to assess the life cycle assessment (LCA)Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) of an emerging hydrometallurgyHydrometallurgy battery recyclingBattery recycling. Three scenarios were assessed: (a) exclusion of the organic solvent extractionExtraction (SX)Solvent Extraction (SX) chemicals, (b) based on a generic database, and (c) from the literature database. It was observed that the highest impact categories for the organics LCA were global warming (GW), energy resources: non-renewable, (ERf) and eutrophication: freshwater (EThf). The results showed that SX organics must always be included while conducting a LCA for recyclingRecycling and primary ore mining. Generating a higher environmental burden than the environmental impacts of virgin materials; GW (+ 50%), ERf (+ 100%), and EThf (+ 60%). Although there is some uncertainty related to the findings, nevertheless, the results are the first approach to predict the environmentalEnvironmental impacts of an industrial-scale battery recycling process already during the laboratory research stage.