There is limited information regarding the environmentalEnvironmental impacts associated with the battery recyclingBattery recycling processes aiming to recycleRecycle cathode materials. Process simulationProcess simulation is a powerful tool that, when databases are not available, can generate appropriate system estimates that allow topical knowledge gaps to be addressed. In this study, a life cycle inventory was obtained through process simulation, to assess the life cycle assessment (LCA)Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) of an emerging hydrometallurgyHydrometallurgy battery recyclingBattery recycling. Three scenarios were assessed: (a) exclusion of the organic solvent extractionExtraction (SX)Solvent Extraction (SX) chemicals, (b) based on a generic database, and (c) from the literature database. It was observed that the highest impact categories for the organics LCA were global warming (GW), energy resources: non-renewable, (ERf) and eutrophication: freshwater (EThf). The results showed that SX organics must always be included while conducting a LCA for recyclingRecycling and primary ore mining. Generating a higher environmental burden than the environmental impacts of virgin materials; GW (+ 50%), ERf (+ 100%), and EThf (+ 60%). Although there is some uncertainty related to the findings, nevertheless, the results are the first approach to predict the environmentalEnvironmental impacts of an industrial-scale battery recycling process already during the laboratory research stage.

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Prospective Life Cycle Assessment of a Battery Recycling Process with Organic Modeling

  • Diana Arellano-Sanchez,
  • Marja Rinne,
  • Benjamin P. Wilson,
  • Mari Lundström

摘要

There is limited information regarding the environmentalEnvironmental impacts associated with the battery recyclingBattery recycling processes aiming to recycleRecycle cathode materials. Process simulationProcess simulation is a powerful tool that, when databases are not available, can generate appropriate system estimates that allow topical knowledge gaps to be addressed. In this study, a life cycle inventory was obtained through process simulation, to assess the life cycle assessment (LCA)Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) of an emerging hydrometallurgyHydrometallurgy battery recyclingBattery recycling. Three scenarios were assessed: (a) exclusion of the organic solvent extractionExtraction (SX)Solvent Extraction (SX) chemicals, (b) based on a generic database, and (c) from the literature database. It was observed that the highest impact categories for the organics LCA were global warming (GW), energy resources: non-renewable, (ERf) and eutrophication: freshwater (EThf). The results showed that SX organics must always be included while conducting a LCA for recyclingRecycling and primary ore mining. Generating a higher environmental burden than the environmental impacts of virgin materials; GW (+ 50%), ERf (+ 100%), and EThf (+ 60%). Although there is some uncertainty related to the findings, nevertheless, the results are the first approach to predict the environmentalEnvironmental impacts of an industrial-scale battery recycling process already during the laboratory research stage.