FromDevelopments and sustainability early exploration work at Soroako in the 1920s, to the subsequent studies under Government contract by PT Inco in the 1960s and more recent geological investigations, IndonesiaIndonesia now has large proven reserves of nickelNickel (Ni) as Ni lateriteLaterites—55 million tonnes (Mt) of contained Ni or 42% of world reserves, up from 16.2 Mt of Ni, or 11% of world Ni in 1995. Amid a Ni shortage and peak pricing in 2007, IndonesiaIndonesia began increasing Ni output, supported by the Government ban in 2009 on exporting un-processed Ni ore plus large Chinese investments. Ni laterite oreLaterite ore is currently processed in IndonesiaIndonesia by both pyrometallurgyPyrometallurgy and hydrometallurgyHydrometallurgy technologiesTechnology. Currently, there are twenty-two pyrometallurgical plants, with an installed capacity of 1.1 Mt of Ni as ferronickelFerronickel, Ni mattesMatte, and nickelNickel pig iron. There are six high-pressure acidAcid leachingLeaching (HPAL) plants with an installed capacity of 231,000 tonnes of contained Ni as mixed hydroxide precipitatesMixed Hydroxide Precipitate (MHP); total mined Ni in IndonesiaIndonesia was 1.8 Mt in 2023. There are a further ten potential HPALHigh-Pressure Acid Leaching (HPAL) plants either under design or in construction, having an estimated capacity of 619.5 thousand tonnes of Ni. Importantly, environmentalEnvironmental issues in Ni processingProcessing are also now under review by Government and industry. These include safe disposal of HPALHigh-Pressure Acid Leaching (HPAL) residues, carbon emissions, plant working conditions, and so on. This paper reviews progress and aspects in Ni productionProductions in IndonesiaIndonesia over the last decade and discusses important issues and expected changes over the coming decade.