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A one-step direct-to-blisterBlister (DtoB) copper smeltingCopper Smelting process is an attractive route for sulfidic copper concentratesCopper concentrate with high copperCopper or low ironIron concentrations. It provides high recoveryRecovery of copperCopper and other valuable metalsMetal, while it requires no converting step. The process generates only one high-strength SO2 stream to the acid plantAcid plant and provides high recoveryRecovery of sulfurSulfur. However, the literature data regarding the phase equilibriaPhase equilibria and trace elementElements deportmentsDeportment in these smeltingSmelting conditions are scarce. In the present work, we analyze recent experimental data on phase equilibriaPhase equilibria in the DtoB smeltingSmelting conditions at 1250 °C and 0.25 atm pSO2 as a function of sulfurSulfur concentration in blister copperBlister copper at magnetite saturation. A complex iron silicate slagIron silicate slag modified with fixed concentrations of alumina, potassia, and magnesia and fluxed with lime at two concentrations, 5 and 10 wt%, was used as the reference system for the previous data. Experimental data on chemical solubilitySolubility of copper in slagCopper in slag were evaluated and discussed comparing to the DtoB copper smeltingCopper Smelting industrial practice. In addition, partitioning of minor elementsMinor element was assessed. Their distribution coefficientsDistribution coefficient were estimated as a function of oxygen partial pressure within the narrow range of interest (10–6.5 to 10–5.5 atm pO2) from matteMatte saturation to blister copperBlister copper at low sulfurSulfur concentration. The prevailing oxidation degrees of the trace elementsElements in slagSlag and in DtoB conditions were discussed. The blister copperBlister copper-slagSlag distribution coefficientsDistribution coefficient indicated a good agreement with most literature observations in sulfurSulfur-free iron silicate slagIron silicate slag-copperCopper systems at similar oxygen partial pressures.

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Slag Chemistry and Partitioning of Trace Elements in Direct-to-Blister Copper Smelting Conditions

  • 会议论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年

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  • Dmitry Sukhomlinov,
  • Marius Kansanaho,
  • Lassi Klemettinen,
  • Hugh O’Brien,
  • Mia Tiljander,
  • Mari Lindgren,
  • Daniel Lindberg

摘要

A one-step direct-to-blisterBlister (DtoB) copper smeltingCopper Smelting process is an attractive route for sulfidic copper concentratesCopper concentrate with high copperCopper or low ironIron concentrations. It provides high recoveryRecovery of copperCopper and other valuable metalsMetal, while it requires no converting step. The process generates only one high-strength SO2 stream to the acid plantAcid plant and provides high recoveryRecovery of sulfurSulfur. However, the literature data regarding the phase equilibriaPhase equilibria and trace elementElements deportmentsDeportment in these smeltingSmelting conditions are scarce. In the present work, we analyze recent experimental data on phase equilibriaPhase equilibria in the DtoB smeltingSmelting conditions at 1250 °C and 0.25 atm pSO2 as a function of sulfurSulfur concentration in blister copperBlister copper at magnetite saturation. A complex iron silicate slagIron silicate slag modified with fixed concentrations of alumina, potassia, and magnesia and fluxed with lime at two concentrations, 5 and 10 wt%, was used as the reference system for the previous data. Experimental data on chemical solubilitySolubility of copper in slagCopper in slag were evaluated and discussed comparing to the DtoB copper smeltingCopper Smelting industrial practice. In addition, partitioning of minor elementsMinor element was assessed. Their distribution coefficientsDistribution coefficient were estimated as a function of oxygen partial pressure within the narrow range of interest (10–6.5 to 10–5.5 atm pO2) from matteMatte saturation to blister copperBlister copper at low sulfurSulfur concentration. The prevailing oxidation degrees of the trace elementsElements in slagSlag and in DtoB conditions were discussed. The blister copperBlister copper-slagSlag distribution coefficientsDistribution coefficient indicated a good agreement with most literature observations in sulfurSulfur-free iron silicate slagIron silicate slag-copperCopper systems at similar oxygen partial pressures.