A major shift in energy away from fossil fuels is taking place globally, influenced by both public demandDemand and government policies. This is primarily due to the impact of the global CO2 emissionsEmissions from fossil fuels on the formationFormation of the greenhouse gases. To comply with the stringent CO2 emissionEmissions restrictions set by the UN, the metalsMetal markets (and others) are rushing to meet these levels to avoid losing their share of the market. Today, what is most evident is that governments, metalMetal companies, research institutions, and financial organizations are committing large capital resources to transition towards a more sustainable business modelModel. It is recognized that clean copperCopper is vital to facilitate this transition, and its availability needs to keep pace with this new trend. The industry will have to address, with new innovations, the issue of ever-decreasing ore and concentrateConcentrate gradesGrade in combination with rising impuritiesImpurity, while transitioning towards sustainable processingProcessing. This paper explores a range of issues affecting future copper productionCopper production and supplySupply, including: the challenges of the energy transitionEnergy transition and net zero CO2 emissionEmissions, realistic copper demandCopper demand and supplySupply to 2050 and the impact of the energy transitionEnergy transition, currentCurrent copperCopper supplySupply and production, as well as present and new technologiesTechnology leading to net zero. Towards that end, the currentCurrent important CO2 sequestrationCO2 sequestration technologiesTechnology and sustainable alternative fuelsAlternative fuels leading to sustainable processes will be reviewed.