Due to increasing scarcity of clean copper oreCopper ore, a sustainable and economical approach to treat arsenicArsenic (As)-contaminated concentratesConcentrate derived from the base and precious metalPrecious metals miningMining industry has been developed by Dundee Sustainable TechnologiesTechnology (DST). In the scope of this study, different copper concentratesCopper concentrate were partially roasted for the purpose of As removal. The arsenical by-product generated in the proposed flowsheet (As2O3) is directly amenable to Dundee Sustainable Technologie’s GlassLock Process™GlassLock process™, which stabilizes As using vitrification. Heat treatment trials, targeting a final As concentration below 0.3%wt, were performed at the laboratory scale on three concentratesConcentrate: enargiteEnargite (6.2%wt As), arsenopyriteArsenopyrite (12.8%wt As) and tennantiteTennantite (5.7%wt As). The equipmentEquipment deployed consisted of a Lindberg tube furnaceFurnace for which the sealed glass tube was linked to an ABB gas analyzer. This also permitted the recoveryRecovery of the volatilized by-product. Conditions for the partial roastingRoasting tests conducted were the following: O2(g) depleted medium / injection of SO2(g), 630–700 °C, 40–60 min at operating temperature, under low vacuum. Under these conditions, final As content was between 18 and 3,300 mg/kg corresponding to a removal efficiencyEfficiency ranging from 95.8 to 99.9% for the 3 materials tested. The tennantiteTennantite calcined residue and recovered As sulfideSulfide by-product characterization is presented in this paper. In the proposed approach, the collected As sulfideSulfide product is oxidized to As trioxide under heat treatment, generating an ideal feed for DST’s vitrification process. DST’s conceptual flowsheet for an industrial scale application for the removal and stabilizationStabilization of As from copperCopper/goldGold concentrateConcentrate using a fluidized bedFluidized bed reactor is also discussed. The work conducted in this study presents the clear benefits of combining pyrolysis with vitrification, both from an economic and environmental standpoint by reducingReducing or negating market penalty / residual waste management costs associated with As contamination in the concentratesConcentrate. Long-term environmental, social and governance liability risk in mineMine closure contexts is also significantly reduced. Furthermore, improved metal recoveriesMetal recovery during subsequent hydrometallurgical operationsOperation are expected due to refractoryRefractories sulfidesSulfide partial thermal decomposition, as well as lower footprint due to selective mass loss and metalMetal gradeGrade increase.

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Arsenic Removal and Stabilization from Enargite, Arsenopyrite and Tennantite Copper/Gold Concentrates

  • Olivier Sanfaçon,
  • Joey Isabelle,
  • Jean-Philippe Mai

摘要

Due to increasing scarcity of clean copper oreCopper ore, a sustainable and economical approach to treat arsenicArsenic (As)-contaminated concentratesConcentrate derived from the base and precious metalPrecious metals miningMining industry has been developed by Dundee Sustainable TechnologiesTechnology (DST). In the scope of this study, different copper concentratesCopper concentrate were partially roasted for the purpose of As removal. The arsenical by-product generated in the proposed flowsheet (As2O3) is directly amenable to Dundee Sustainable Technologie’s GlassLock Process™GlassLock process™, which stabilizes As using vitrification. Heat treatment trials, targeting a final As concentration below 0.3%wt, were performed at the laboratory scale on three concentratesConcentrate: enargiteEnargite (6.2%wt As), arsenopyriteArsenopyrite (12.8%wt As) and tennantiteTennantite (5.7%wt As). The equipmentEquipment deployed consisted of a Lindberg tube furnaceFurnace for which the sealed glass tube was linked to an ABB gas analyzer. This also permitted the recoveryRecovery of the volatilized by-product. Conditions for the partial roastingRoasting tests conducted were the following: O2(g) depleted medium / injection of SO2(g), 630–700 °C, 40–60 min at operating temperature, under low vacuum. Under these conditions, final As content was between 18 and 3,300 mg/kg corresponding to a removal efficiencyEfficiency ranging from 95.8 to 99.9% for the 3 materials tested. The tennantiteTennantite calcined residue and recovered As sulfideSulfide by-product characterization is presented in this paper. In the proposed approach, the collected As sulfideSulfide product is oxidized to As trioxide under heat treatment, generating an ideal feed for DST’s vitrification process. DST’s conceptual flowsheet for an industrial scale application for the removal and stabilizationStabilization of As from copperCopper/goldGold concentrateConcentrate using a fluidized bedFluidized bed reactor is also discussed. The work conducted in this study presents the clear benefits of combining pyrolysis with vitrification, both from an economic and environmental standpoint by reducingReducing or negating market penalty / residual waste management costs associated with As contamination in the concentratesConcentrate. Long-term environmental, social and governance liability risk in mineMine closure contexts is also significantly reduced. Furthermore, improved metal recoveriesMetal recovery during subsequent hydrometallurgical operationsOperation are expected due to refractoryRefractories sulfidesSulfide partial thermal decomposition, as well as lower footprint due to selective mass loss and metalMetal gradeGrade increase.