Accommodative Intraocular Lenses: Historical Background—Lessons from the Past
摘要
The correction of presbyopia is still one of the major challenges that face the ophthalmologist in its daily practice. Several medical and surgical proposals have been developed but none of them have showed the efficacy of restoring accommodation. Formulations of topical instilled medication, corneal excimer laser surgery, scleral devices, and intraocular lenses (IOLs) are among the different options that have been proposed for presbyopia correction. Nowadays multifocal IOLs are the most popular and accepted option for presbyopia correction but this technology does not restore accommodation and induce photic phenomena that in some circumstances might be a serious limitation situation for the patient. With the aim of restoring accommodation and avoiding disadvantages of multifocal IOL, accommodative IOLs were developed several years ago. Nevertheless, some of the technologies proposed for this type of IOL have not shown to be effective in restoring accommodation. New advances in material and technologies have brought new designs that are in continuous developing and may overcome the difficulties observed with previous types of accommodative IOLs. Therefore, the aim of the present chapter is to provide an updated overview of the different accommodative intraocular lenses that have been developed and new technologies that are proposed for presbyopia correction and restoring accommodation in patients after cataract surgery.