How to Deal with Neuroadaptation Failure Following Multifocal and EDOF Lens Implantation
摘要
Although intraocular lenses (IOLs) have been explanted for decades, the explantation of multifocal (MF) IOLs has been an increasing recent phenomenon. MF IOLs are explanted because patients complain of dysphotopsias and blurred vision associated in some cases with posterior capsule opacification (PCO) and refractive error that can be easily managed with YAG-capsulotomy, spectacles, and keratorefractive surgery. However, we lack effective treatments for subjective complains especially the feeling of inadequate or poor vision as well as photic phenomena experienced with refractive, diffractive, and sometimes extended depth-of-focus (EDOF) MF IOL models. New reports proved that cortical neural areas are responsible for the long-term adaptation to such visual symptoms, suggesting that their persistence is a neuroadaptation failure. Eventually the only solution in such cases would be the explantation of the MFor EDOF IOL. The studies available in the literature report the outcomes of MF IOLs exchange to monofocal IOLs, and only two studies investigated the exchange of MF IOLs to other MF IOL technologies. Our group conducted such a study where MF and EDOF IOLs were explanted due to neuroadaptation failure followed by the re-implantation of a different MF optical technology based on the hypothesis that there may be different neuroadaptation processes for refractive, diffractive, and EDOF IOLs in different patients. We considered that neuroadaptation failure included all the subjective visual symptoms such as photic phenomena, blurred vision, and insufficient vision that did not have any clear anatomical cause. We obtained good results with increase in both far and near visual acuities, and improvement in patients’ quality of life and vision assessed with validated questionnaires. This procedure was showed to be feasible and able to correct patient’s dissatisfaction and keep the advantages of MF IOLs such as spectacle independence in the benefit of the patient.