Neuroadaptation is a neurological process that follows a change in the quality of the retinal image that happens after cataract surgery. Different intraocular lenses are followed by different types and levels of the neuroadaptation process. If this process fails, the patient feels an inadequate quality of retinal image, which is associated either with photic phenomena, a decrease in best corrected vision, or in general the feeling of bad visual quality. This happens especially in some extended depth of focus (EDOF) and multifocal intraocular lenses. Neuroadaptation failure needs to be treated with chair time, careful analysis of the situation of the intraocular lens implanted to ascertain whether any problem in its location or behaviour is the cause of the problem, and, finally, time. However, there are cases when neuroadaptation failure does not improve over time and in these cases the need for further surgery with IOL substitution is necessary.