Bangladesh witnessed the worst flood crisis of recent times in 2024. The severity of the flood was striking not only during the flood but also at the time of the rescuing period, when people died due to, inter alia, heavily contaminated water. Overflow of pollutants into water supplies further escalated widespread outbreaks of waterborne diseases. As a climate-vulnerable country, this flood exposed Bangladesh’s infrastructural weakness in tackling such crisis circumstances, just like any other Global South country. This weakness includes public health, environmental legal policy framework, and inconsistency in implementing international standards and sustainable development goals. In these circumstances of growing risk, this research employs a qualitative methodology incorporating case studies, policy review, and literature analysis. It aims to identify the loopholes by analysing the existing safeguard mechanisms to prevent water contamination and propose future guidelines of sustainable water managementWater management for a socioeconomically vulnerable country like Bangladesh to ensure safe water. The scope of this research is limited to public health and environmental policies by the government, NGOs, and community initiatives only, but not the scientific and technological aspects of the subject matter.