At present, much attention is paid to solving environmental protection issues and ensuring the safety of the territory. One of such issues is the sanitary and epidemiological situation in the city. The paper considers the problem of stray dogs in an urban environment. The paper presents the typology of stray dogs, and studies the causes of their appearance. An author’s sociological study was conducted to identify those responsible for dealing with this issue and develop measures aimed at erasing the problem of stray dogs in the most effective way. The paper’s authors have suggested criteria for an optimal program to solve the problem of stray animals. This program is based on the principles of equality for humans and humanity for all animals. The first criterion is aimed at eliminating the causes of stray dogs’ appearance and limiting the flow of pets entering the streets of cities through the people’s fault. The second criterion deals with financing the program. The third criterion is aimed at removing stray animals from the streets and distributing them, allowing them to live their biological life without being subjected to inhumane treatment.