Hybrid Teaching and Learning in the Context of Vocational Secondary Education
摘要
In the 2020/21 academic year, the Waldviertel Business Academy, a collaboration of four vocational secondary schools in Lower Austria, introduced a synchronous hybrid classroom for four training specializations: International Logistics, Health Management and Sports, E-Business Entrepreneurship, and Food & Wood. Students in grades 11 to 13 participate on-site or remotely via Microsoft Teams, depending on whether the course is offered by their primary or another school. These specializations, developed in collaboration with the regional business community, align with the labour market’s current needs and trends. An evaluation study revealed that the synchronous hybrid classroom integrates synchronous and asynchronous learning activities, employing tools such as PowerPoint, online whiteboards and chat services. Interactive learning activities are most common, though passive and active methods are also used, with constructive activities being the least frequent. Effective teacher-student and student-student interactions are maintained through direct instruction, personalised feedback, and collaborative projects, though remote students report lower social presence. Maintaining engagement requires a user-friendly digital platform and the provision of technical support. This model highlights significant strengths in flexibility and digital competence enhancement, though challenges such as social presence and consistent engagement among remote students need to be addressed to optimise the hybrid learning experience.