Lactating women may experience psychiatric disturbances such as depression, anxiety, and insomnia, which require benzodiazepines or Z-drugs for treatment. The most important aspect of treatment during the lactation period is to achieve balance between improvement of maternal psychiatric symptoms and safety of breastfed infants. If the decision to administer a benzodiazepine is made, lorazepam appears to be the most preferable agent with respect to the safety of infants. Limited available data suggest that among nonbenzodiazepine sedative drugs, zopiclon may be compatible with breastfeeding. These medications should be used at as low doses as possible and for a short time. Moreover, the infants exposed to these drugs via breast milk should be carefully monitored.