Since the beginning of the 21st century, along with the decline in the efficiency of the unipolar global economic system in the world, the formation of a risky period of geopolitical instability, as well as the emergence of new regional economic centers of power, the government of each country in the world began to pay primary attention to the implementation of policies that ensure the independent development of the national economy of the country. The contribution proposes a macroeconomic model for assessing economic threats to the state structure of the country, in the process of functioning of the national economy of the country. In the macroeconomic model, the author proposes methods for assessing economic threats that may arise to the state structure in the process of functioning of the national economy of the country. The research methodology and evaluation methods were developed using a systematic approach, comparative analysis and methods of economic and mathematical analysis.