The study aims to fill existing gaps in the theoretical understanding of the role of financial capital, to develop new analytical tools for studying its impact on the evolution of the stock market and structural changes in economic systems. Particular attention is paid to an interdisciplinary approach to stock market research, taking into account new forms of capital. The study is based on an integrated approach, including theoretical analysis, empirical research and an interdisciplinary approach. The main tool used was the taxonomy of financial capital forms, which allows structuring its capital forms based on liquidity, level of digitalization, risk type and other factors. As a result of the study, a review of the evolution of theoretical approaches to stock market research was conducted, key changes in categories and concepts related to financial capital were identified, its forms were classified, and their impact on structural changes in the economy was determined. A methodological approach to stock market analysis is proposed, taking into account interdisciplinary aspects and new forms of capital. It is shown that new forms of capital contribute to increasing the efficiency of resource redistribution.