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Groundwater is an essential natural resource, which becomes even more crucial in regions with water scarcity and unpredictable weather patterns. There is a growing demand for water resources across various sectors in Ethiopia’s Wabe River catchment. “Therefore, it is essential to use remote sensing data, Geographic Information Systems (GIS), and the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) to assess groundwater potentiality effectively”. These methodologies allow for prioritizing geological, hydrological, and environmental variables. By utilizing these technologies, researchers can gain valuable insights into the suitability and sustainability of groundwater resources. Thematic layers such as lithology, lineament density, elevation, rainfall, soil composition, NDVI (normalized difference vegetation index), land use/land cover, slope, and drainage density were used to identify potential groundwater zones within the study area. Aquifer permeability and storage are directly influenced by subsurface lithology. In addition to elevation, slope significantly affects surface runoff, groundwater movement, and hydraulic head and pressure fluctuations; therefore, NDVI indirectly reflects groundwater potential by indicating vegetation health. Various data sources were used to map the mentioned thematic layers, including on-site field observations, existing maps, reports, and multispectral and microwave images. Different image processing and geographic information systems techniques were utilized to derive thematic layers. A weighted linear combination analysis was applied to produce a definitive groundwater potential map based on the significance and characteristics of each layer and its sublayers. Based on the cumulative impact of all thematic layers, this map indicates areas with varying degrees of groundwater potential, with higher values indicating more significant potential. Per the investigation, 40% of the entire expanse exhibits diminished groundwater potential, while 46% manifests a moderate level, leaving merely 14% characterized by a heightened groundwater potential. The groundwater potential of areas characterized by highly weathered rocks, gentle slopes, adequate rainfall, and a high lineament density is particularly promising. Employing the area under the curve technique alongside well placements, the model underwent validation, showcasing an accuracy of 81% for both well positions and groundwater potential.

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Evaluating Groundwater Potential in Wabe River Catchment, Southern Ethiopia: An Integrated Geospatial and MCDM Approach

  • 章节

  • 发表日期：

    2025年

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  • Muralitharan Jothimani,
  • Gideon Tadesse,
  • Shankar Karuppannan,
  • Leulalem Shano,
  • Ephrem Getahun,
  • Zerihun Dawit

摘要

Groundwater is an essential natural resource, which becomes even more crucial in regions with water scarcity and unpredictable weather patterns. There is a growing demand for water resources across various sectors in Ethiopia’s Wabe River catchment. “Therefore, it is essential to use remote sensing data, Geographic Information Systems (GIS), and the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) to assess groundwater potentiality effectively”. These methodologies allow for prioritizing geological, hydrological, and environmental variables. By utilizing these technologies, researchers can gain valuable insights into the suitability and sustainability of groundwater resources. Thematic layers such as lithology, lineament density, elevation, rainfall, soil composition, NDVI (normalized difference vegetation index), land use/land cover, slope, and drainage density were used to identify potential groundwater zones within the study area. Aquifer permeability and storage are directly influenced by subsurface lithology. In addition to elevation, slope significantly affects surface runoff, groundwater movement, and hydraulic head and pressure fluctuations; therefore, NDVI indirectly reflects groundwater potential by indicating vegetation health. Various data sources were used to map the mentioned thematic layers, including on-site field observations, existing maps, reports, and multispectral and microwave images. Different image processing and geographic information systems techniques were utilized to derive thematic layers. A weighted linear combination analysis was applied to produce a definitive groundwater potential map based on the significance and characteristics of each layer and its sublayers. Based on the cumulative impact of all thematic layers, this map indicates areas with varying degrees of groundwater potential, with higher values indicating more significant potential. Per the investigation, 40% of the entire expanse exhibits diminished groundwater potential, while 46% manifests a moderate level, leaving merely 14% characterized by a heightened groundwater potential. The groundwater potential of areas characterized by highly weathered rocks, gentle slopes, adequate rainfall, and a high lineament density is particularly promising. Employing the area under the curve technique alongside well placements, the model underwent validation, showcasing an accuracy of 81% for both well positions and groundwater potential.