A groundbreaking method in preclinical research, the combination of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (MRS) allows for a thorough evaluation of metabolic and structural data in biological tissues. The chapter delves into the preclinical uses of combined MRI-MRS, highlighting how it helps to characterize tissues in animal models from many angles. To bridge the gap between structural integrity and metabolic function, MRS supplements MRI’s high-resolution anatomical imaging with the ability to quantify and map metabolites. This chapter focusses on the application of MRS and MRI in the study of neurological illnesses, where small biochemical changes may occur before structural alterations become apparent. Characterizing tumor heterogeneity, differentiating malignant from benign tissues, and evaluating therapy response are all made possible in oncology by this dual approach. The integrated imaging approach sheds light on metabolic disease-related changes in tissue metabolism that would otherwise go undetected by standard imaging techniques. The chapter shows how MRI-MRS integration improves the capacity to track disease progression and evaluate treatment efficacy through different case studies. This chapter also discusses the difficulties of putting this combined strategy into practice technically, such as the requirement for sophisticated data analysis tools and the incorporation of multimodal data. We look ahead to a future where interdisciplinary collaboration plays a key role in overcoming present restrictions and where technological breakthroughs may take us.