This chapter explores the educational potential of engaging students with citizen science data, positioning it as a gateway to novel scientific frontiers and data-driven practices. It outlines the unique challenges and opportunities inherent in handling large, complex datasets generated by public participation. By integrating theoretical and practical insights, the chapter proposes a framework that highlights three dimensions of data engagement: classical, scientific, and secondary data analysis. Emphasizing the bidirectional relationship between theory and data, it advocates for pedagogical strategies that help students appreciate the interplay between existing scientific theories and data collection, analysis, and interpretation. Activities designed to support each dimension aim to develop students’ data literacy and scientific reasoning, enhancing their ability to contribute meaningfully to scientific inquiries. The chapter underscores the importance of carefully structured educational interventions to maximize the pedagogical benefits of citizen science data to biology education, provides various recommendations for designing such interventions, and provides an illustrative example for a fruitful extended educational design.