This chapter focuses on the fundamental mechanics of continuous fiber-reinforced resin-matrix composites from a macro-mechanical perspective, covering lamina and laminate theories. It begins with the basics of anisotropic elasticity, including 15 unknowns and fundamental equations (equilibrium, geometric, and constitutive equations), noting the reduction in independent elastic constants for materials with different symmetry planes. For lamina stiffness analysis, it deduces the stress-strain relationship of orthotropic materials under plane stress and transforms elastic coefficients between principal and off-axis directions. Lamina strength analysis introduces criteria (maximum stress, maximum strain, Tsai-Hill, etc.), while mechanical testing methods cover tensile, compression, in-plane shear, and bending tests. Laminate theory analyzes laminate characteristics, representations, and classifications, derives stiffness matrices based on classical assumptions, outlines strength analysis steps for ultimate load calculation, and details nine layup design principles (balanced, symmetric, load-bearing, etc.), providing theoretical support for composite structure design.